A Descriptive Analysis of Adolescent Girls Affected by Child Marriage
Empirical Evidence from Tasikmalaya, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46781/al-mutharahah.v23i01.2062Keywords:
Remaja Perempuan, Pernikahan Anak, Perlindungan Anak, IndonesiaAbstract
Pernikahan anak secara luas diakui sebagai pelanggaran hak anak, namun remaja di banyak daerah pedesaan tetap sangat rentan. Data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Indonesia dalam “Laporan Statistik Pemuda Indonesia” 2024 menunjukkan bahwa 21,49% anak muda di Indonesia menikah pada usia 18 tahun atau lebih muda, 18,55% menikah dalam kelompok usia 16-18 tahun, sedangkan 2,39% menikah sebelum usia 16 tahun. Meskipun penelitian global telah dilakukan secara ekstensif, bukti empiris tentang pengalaman hidup remaja putri di pedesaan Indonesia, khususnya di Jawa Barat, masih terbatas. Studi ini mengeksplorasi pengalaman remaja putri yang terdampak pernikahan anak di Desa Sukaharja, Sariwangi, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan desain deskriptif kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan, dan tinjauan dokumen. Lima remaja putri yang dipilih secara purposif, yang semuanya telah menjalani pernikahan agama yang tidak terdaftar, berperan sebagai informan kunci. Data dianalisis secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan wawasan utama. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa perkawinan anak terkait dengan kerentanan sosial ekonomi dan rendahnya pencapaian pendidikan, yang dipicu oleh kehamilan di luar nikah, rasa malu sosial, dan sanksi adat. Konsekuensinya meliputi putus sekolah, kurangnya sertifikasi formal, pengucilan sosial, dan masa depan yang tidak pasti. Persepsi masyarakat bervariasi, dipengaruhi oleh adat istiadat setempat, media sosial, dan pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi yang terbatas. Temuan ini menyoroti perlunya intervensi terkoordinasi, termasuk penyebaran Undang-Undang No. 16/2019, pembentukan forum perlindungan anak, dan pengembangan inisiatif desa ramah anak, yang menyediakan strategi berbasis bukti untuk melindungi remaja di pedesaan Indonesia.
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