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{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid535374 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\ftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8532040 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid535374 \chftnsepc 
\par }}{\*\aftnsep \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8532040 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid535374 \chftnsep 
\par }}{\*\aftnsepc \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8532040 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid535374 \chftnsepc 
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{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14176930 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\cf19\insrsid4981037\charrsid1198931 Interpret}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\cf19\insrsid2586278\charrsid1198931 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\cf19\insrsid13187477 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\cf19\insrsid935690 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\cf19\insrsid4981037\charrsid1198931  Paradigm in Psychology}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\cf19\insrsid11750145\charrsid1198931 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8391412 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cf19\insrsid8391412\charrsid1198931 Nelly Marhayati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs22\cf19\insrsid7947531 *}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cf19\super\insrsid8391412\charrsid1198931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs22\cf19\insrsid7947531 *}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs18\cf19\insrsid8391412\charrsid1198931 State Islamic Institute of Bengkulu
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14176930 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs18\cf19\insrsid8391412\charrsid1198931 e-mail: }{\field{\*\fldinst {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs18\cf19\insrsid4616767  HYPERLINK "mailto:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs18\cf19\insrsid4616767\charrsid4616767 nmarhayati@iainbengkulu.ac.id}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs18\cf19\insrsid4616767 " }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs15\b\fs18\ul\cf17\insrsid4616767\charrsid14835828 nmarhayati@iainbengkulu.ac.id}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz9\linex0\headery737\footery0\sectlinegrid299\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid15957187\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs18\cf19\insrsid8391412\charrsid1198931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs22\cf19\insrsid282959\charrsid1198931 Abstract}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\fs22\cf19\insrsid8391412\charrsid1198931 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5078219 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid2512803 
\par The Purpose of this article is to know interpretive paradigm in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid7222777\charrsid1198931 Psychology}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid2512803 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931 When researchers examine cultural }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid13187477\charrsid1198931 behavior}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931 
, especially the experience of individuals then to detect and describe so}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid5078219\charrsid1198931 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931 
e aspects of the implied culture, hidden rules, the meaning of r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid5078219\charrsid1198931 ituals and worship in a cultura}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931 
l society}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid1851236 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid1851236 they should use}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid5078219\charrsid1198931  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931 paradigm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid5078219\charrsid1198931 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931  paradigm in the field of psychology is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid1851236 a foundation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid132476\charrsid1198931  for qualitative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid5078219\charrsid1198931 research methods. A qualitative approach can be use}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf19\insrsid1851236 d when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid5078219\charrsid1198931  the researcher understand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid1851236 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf19\insrsid5078219\charrsid1198931  the inform}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid4981037\charrsid1198931 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid5078219\charrsid1198931 nts\rquote 
 point of view more deeply, dynamically and will explore various factors simultaneously and can be used in informal situations. There are four types of qualitative research paradigms namely ethnography, case studies, phenomenology and grounded theory.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid5853997\charrsid1198931 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1904876 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid8659845\charrsid1198931 Keyword}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid2033155 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid8659845\charrsid1198931 : case stud}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid11169039\charrsid1198931 ies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf19\insrsid8659845\charrsid1198931 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid2033155\charrsid1198931 ethnography}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid2033155 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf19\insrsid2033155\charrsid1198931  grounded theory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid2033155 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf19\insrsid2033155  paradigm, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid11169039\charrsid1198931 phe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf19\insrsid8659845\charrsid1198931 nomenology
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477 Introduction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf19\insrsid14112854\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15523\charrsid13187477 In recent years, a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 n interest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15523\charrsid13187477  shift in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 psychology research }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid15523\charrsid13187477 methodolog}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15523\charrsid13187477  occurs in which quantitative declines into qualitative methods. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5445492\charrsid13187477 In contrast, psychology method }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9444638\charrsid13187477 is mostly dominated by quantitative methodology. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid5445492\charrsid13187477 This }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7088187\charrsid13187477 occurs due to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16262732\charrsid13187477 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid13706510\charrsid13187477 ost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16262732\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1645216\charrsid13187477 doctoral degree in psychology }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid152719\charrsid13187477 are achieved }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477 through}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid152719\charrsid13187477  qualitative thinking as various }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15098882\charrsid13187477 scientific}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid152719\charrsid13187477  conference, symposium, and workshop accommodate qualitative research. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid11886132\charrsid13187477 Moreover, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15098882\charrsid13187477 there are many qualitative articles provided in indexed journals. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid3751738\charrsid13187477 articles are also used as reference in qualitative methodology subject in psychology. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15523\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3751738\charrsid13187477 The following qualitative journal articles }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13391717\charrsid13187477  obtained from indexed journals such as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3751738\charrsid13187477  Elliot
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13391717\charrsid13187477 t, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13391717\charrsid13187477 udsley, Runck et al (2018). These }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 articles }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3421961\charrsid13187477 examine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 d }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477 the issues }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 in a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3421961\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid6060684\charrsid13187477 qualitat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2182729\charrsid13187477 ive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477  way}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid2182729\charrsid13187477  with grounded theory approach of self-efficacy in suicidal client case study. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13391717\charrsid13187477 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid1310940\charrsid13187477 researcher found a model for counselor to enhance their self-efficacy in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14842756\charrsid13187477 
dealing with client case study. Later, this model is applied to improve pragmatic practice and supervision toward}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid355972\charrsid13187477 
 students. Wake (2018) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 used}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid355972\charrsid13187477  aut}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14842756\charrsid13187477 
oethnography approach}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1705205\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 that concerned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1705205\charrsid13187477 
 on personal experience }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 that involved}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1705205\charrsid13187477  researcher as main informant. This experience }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid13982081\charrsid13187477 aim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13982081\charrsid13187477  to determine frustrat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 ion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13982081\charrsid13187477  level, resistance, and immigrant resilience lived in Australia. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15731729\charrsid13187477 
Furthermore, autoethnography is a method }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15731729\charrsid13187477 highlights the researcher skills in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid1194384\charrsid13187477 reflecting themselves through the life experience story in order to reveal cultural hybridity, identity, tradition, as well as other life experiences. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid3751738\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6494938\charrsid13187477 Maulana, Obst, and Khawaja (2018)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477  in their respective studies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid6494938\charrsid13187477  employ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6494938\charrsid13187477  qualitative approach to show }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid16402756\charrsid13187477 Indonesian student perspective of wellbeing. According to 30 informants who delivered semi-structured questions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 , it was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16402756\charrsid13187477  revealed that wellbeing is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2963275\charrsid13187477 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 n achievement of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2963275\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16402756\charrsid13187477 basic needs, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2963275\charrsid13187477 
good relationship between family and community. In addition, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3154067\charrsid13187477 the key point of wellbeing is the existence of positive view toward}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3154067\charrsid13187477  self-acceptance, gratefulness, and spirituality.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6494938\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14702402\charrsid13187477 Marhayati (2017}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14048739\charrsid13187477 ) conduct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1311415\charrsid13187477  a qualitative research with ethnography approach }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3878484\charrsid13187477 
about acculturation strategy }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3878484\charrsid13187477  Tabut }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8878517\charrsid13187477 c}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3878484\charrsid13187477 ommunity, Bengkulu. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11560799\charrsid13187477 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 results of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11560799\charrsid13187477 interview}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477  found}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11934217\charrsid13187477  that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid8878517\charrsid13187477  out of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 four Berry\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11934217\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid8878517\charrsid13187477 acculturation strategies, Tabut community }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11560799\charrsid13187477 tends to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid202652\charrsid13187477 
choose integration as their acculturation strategy. Lik}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10511460\charrsid13187477 ewise, Mehra (2003)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477  employed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid10511460\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14048739\charrsid13187477 qualitative metho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15294754\charrsid13187477 d }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid15930525\charrsid13187477 with case study approach in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6843199\charrsid13187477 3 students of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14956170\charrsid13187477 
Asian-Indian descent to find adaptation and acculturation experience among students who live in new country they lived. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14702402\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4793566\charrsid13187477 Another }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2691030\charrsid13187477 
example of qualitative research is a psychobiography or in-depth analysis of particular individual, such as public figure, celebrity, leader who represent a culture or country. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15870436\charrsid13187477 
Basically, the researcher }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3294359\charrsid13187477 will collect empirical proof to compile personal profile of individual }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid12280104\charrsid13187477 observed. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 The data are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9251346\charrsid13187477  collected through }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15210021\charrsid13187477 
diary, speech, memoir letter, interview, and eyewitness explanation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4663281\charrsid13187477 Psychobiography research }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8918921\charrsid13187477 
provides detailed description on how }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7405827\charrsid13187477 behavior is formed and changed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6314435\charrsid13187477 during }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid5182665\charrsid13187477 certain cultural condition (Shiraev and Levy, 2012: 43-44)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4793566\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid75153\charrsid13187477 Diverse qualitative research and approach applied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4816271\charrsid13187477 in previous studies }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid1854537\charrsid13187477 show that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8203548\charrsid13187477 variety of data analysis also could be employ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8203548\charrsid13187477  in a research with qualitative method.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14893929\charrsid13187477 Further}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 more}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14893929\charrsid13187477 , it can benefit research result with qualitative method in psychology}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7175297\charrsid13187477  which has been dom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid9044419\charrsid13187477 inated by quantitative research methods. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid75153\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4208635\charrsid13187477 The qualitative approach assumes that human being is an active creature, has fr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10168026\charrsid13187477 eedom and will, has behavior that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid468649\charrsid13187477 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10168026\charrsid13187477 influenced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5273297\charrsid13187477 by culture}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5273297\charrsid13187477  regar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid400849\charrsid13187477 dless of the cause-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid3420078\charrsid13187477 effect law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid400849\charrsid13187477 . Eventually, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14958433\charrsid13187477 
it is logic if being said that qualitative research is a research aim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14958433\charrsid13187477  at understand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid3420078\charrsid13187477 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid12476191\charrsid13187477  the objects. It is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14958433\charrsid13187477  not for the purpose of finding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7165904\charrsid13187477 laws and generalization}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1777123\charrsid13187477 , but for extrapolate (Suryabrata, 2000; Alsa, 2010)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1777123\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9717071\charrsid13187477 Paradigm in scientific field is in charge of organizing all activit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477 ies in any fields. Notions of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9859244\charrsid13187477  paradigm are varied such as, a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14879908\charrsid13187477 the scientific paradigm, i}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477 s a tradition that is coherent about law, th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14879908\charrsid13187477 eory and scientific assumptions to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid11631065\charrsid13187477 create}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477  a sp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9859244\charrsid13187477 ecific approach to a problem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9859244\charrsid13187477 b)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477 he scientific paradigm is a series of assumptions that include the substance of theory and belief about the method that can be carried out by a scientist to collect }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9859244\charrsid13187477 data and conduct test theory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9859244\charrsid13187477  c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477 he scientific paradigm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477  according to Thomas Khun (1970)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477  is a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 universally-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477 recognized }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 scientific }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3420881\charrsid13187477 achievement at a time that presents a model of problem formulation and problem solving for a particular community of practitioners}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9717071\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4724660\charrsid13187477 Further}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 more}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4724660\charrsid13187477 , Khun (1970) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11686713\charrsid13187477 suggest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11686713\charrsid13187477  that paradigm }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 consists of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11686713\charrsid13187477  direction of observed object, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3485310\charrsid13187477 
types of the questions to be answered and the way }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3485310\charrsid13187477 deliver}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3485310\charrsid13187477  questions, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14121052\charrsid13187477 the way the question are structured, research method employed}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3175663\charrsid13187477  to answer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16057421\charrsid13187477 statement of the problems, the way to interpret and analyze the collected data (in Hanurawan, 2016).  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4724660\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9727335\charrsid13187477 Paradigm }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid12262652\charrsid13187477 shift}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9727335\charrsid13187477  in science commonly occurs}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477  when }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3548962\charrsid13187477 past paradigm is n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5912612\charrsid13187477 
o longer valid and relevant at certain times}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2641421\charrsid13187477 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8275992\charrsid13187477 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14373477\charrsid13187477 
ven in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 an exact}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14373477\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 scientific field}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14373477\charrsid13187477 , experiencing a paradigm shift }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 is normal. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14373477\charrsid13187477 Thomas Khun}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14373477\charrsid13187477 referred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477  such changes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14373477\charrsid13187477  as a scientific revolution (Khun, 2012).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6704079\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa120\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\nosnaplinegrid\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13376070\charrsid13187477 Therefore, }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15614652\charrsid13187477 paradigm shift }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 occurred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15614652\charrsid13187477 
 in psychology, from positivism to interpret}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ive,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15614652\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid3014950\charrsid13187477 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 normal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3014950\charrsid13187477  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid4869352\charrsid13187477  inevitable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6513510\charrsid13187477 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid553897\charrsid13187477  Nevertheless, as a dynamic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid10685381\charrsid13187477 that must be accepted as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5720755\charrsid13187477 a part of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10685381\charrsid13187477  development in psychology}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191832\charrsid13187477 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10685381\charrsid13187477  psychology scientists }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 should embrace this shift}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10685381\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 to keep psychology }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1772389\charrsid13187477 science }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10685381\charrsid13187477 remain relevant to the progress of the age.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13376070\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid9441454\charrsid13187477 Foundations of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf19\insrsid935690 Interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid9441454\charrsid13187477  Paradigm Philosophy
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9441454\charrsid13187477 Positivistic approach in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13527329\charrsid13187477 behavioral science has been debatable, specifically for philosophy expert}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13527329\charrsid13187477  and generally for research methodology expert}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13527329\charrsid13187477 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 The reason behind this debate is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6881620\charrsid13187477 positivists}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6881620\charrsid13187477 
 view that concern all symptoms including mental symptoms and behavior from a quantitative empirical point of view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7960285\charrsid13187477 . The critics agree that posit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid8416646\charrsid13187477 ivistic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 studies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8416646\charrsid13187477 
 overlook value, behavior, motive, motivation, and individual belief who affects one\rquote s behavior (Hanurawan, 2012).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9441454\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 The chosen r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid10242547\charrsid13187477 esearch method is highly related to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4333717\charrsid13187477 issues or statement of problem discussed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2636940\charrsid13187477 
The researcher }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 chooses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2636940\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15171582\charrsid13187477 quanti}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8858634\charrsid13187477 tative method wh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 en}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8858634\charrsid13187477  the problem }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid15171582\charrsid13187477 correlates with behavioral }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3963482\charrsid13187477 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8858634\charrsid13187477 
endencies, correlation among variables or between group and another behavior. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1049914\charrsid13187477 For instance, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 studies }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid400294\charrsid13187477 examin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid400294\charrsid13187477  \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid15750886\charrsid13187477 The effect of parental physical violence and parenting on the delinquency behavior of children", "The influence of learning models and teacher teaching styles on children's learning achievement\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6183841\charrsid13187477 . In quantitative research, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 the collected }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6183841\charrsid13187477 data }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15682622\charrsid13187477 are in numeric }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15682622\charrsid13187477 
later to be analyzed with certain statistic methods.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7418031\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid480997\charrsid13187477 Additionally}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1600753\charrsid13187477 , qualitative research }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid539357\charrsid13187477 
involves data collection in naturalistic verbal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10233954\charrsid13187477 report. For example}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid10233954\charrsid13187477  interview script or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15869542\charrsid13187477 written statement in which data }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6249896\charrsid13187477 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2767692\charrsid13187477 nalysis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6249896\charrsid13187477  employs textual analysis and brings interpretation of the text.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid13318259\charrsid13187477  Later, this interpretation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16078882\charrsid13187477 is transcribed into detailed narrative of informant perception, comprehension, and meaning }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4527987\charrsid13187477 of main issue. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6626245\charrsid13187477 It is also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1932900\charrsid13187477 consistent with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13568267\charrsid13187477 
the theoretical commitment of most qualitative researchers who emphasize that there is an important meaning of language as a fundamental foundation in communicating, interpreting and understanding humans (Smith, 2014: 3).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid480997\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13461062\charrsid13187477 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid983338\charrsid13187477 hilosoph}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13461062\charrsid13187477 ical}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid983338\charrsid13187477  foundation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9587154\charrsid13187477 of interpretative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13461062\charrsid13187477 study}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid9587154\charrsid13187477  refers to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2915761\charrsid13187477 fundamental}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid12214606\charrsid13187477  ontology, epistemology, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8202004\charrsid13187477 axiology of this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid12214606\charrsid13187477  method.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid12869107\charrsid13187477  Further}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid13461062\charrsid13187477 more}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid12869107\charrsid13187477 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13461062\charrsid13187477 fundamental ontology of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid12869107\charrsid13187477  paradigm highlights }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13461062\charrsid13187477 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid12869107\charrsid13187477  view of the deepest reality about a research phenomenon that is plural. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2632926\charrsid13187477 This plural phenomenon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid8085585\charrsid13187477 will be revealed into consciousness and individual experience during his/her interaction with that certain condition. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1514129\charrsid13187477 
Such ontology view is different from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14510422\charrsid13187477 ontology in positivistic or quantitative research}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3352557\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8004627\charrsid13187477 which asserts that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16404991\charrsid13187477 the deepest realit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6173493\charrsid13187477 y of phenomena is one.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10118758\charrsid13187477  In qualitative research, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13461062\charrsid13187477 those plural phenomena}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid10118758\charrsid13187477  are re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14297980\charrsid13187477 vealed by using plural methods, number of methods in collecting data.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid464481\charrsid13187477 
 In term of data collection, it comprises observation, in-depth interview, document, and reflection journal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9191036\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5331699\charrsid13187477 
Epistemology foundation in interpretive research could be seen on how a phenomenon is understood by individual. In addition, it is conducted with real involvement with individual world and also understanding about the way informant delivers 
the significance of that experience. The meaning given by the informant to a phenomenon or event or object is always mediated by the social and historical context as the background of one's life.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid1471815\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5331699\charrsid13187477 Meanwhile, the axiology basis of interpretive research relat
es between science and value, or between research method and value. Interpretive method suggests that the obtained scientific knowledge is not value free. This is regarding to qualitative research experts who believe that results of interpretation process
 
to phenomenon contain personal values as well as specific socio-culture values. According to interpretive study, informant comprehension and meaning in understanding a phenomenon cannot be separated from informant socio-cultural background (Hanurawan, 201
2; 59-62).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13989349\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5331699\charrsid13187477 
Qualitative research is conducted especially in natural setting in which the researcher does daily activities as if not in an observation condition. A qualitative research attempts to distinguish and describe some implied cultural aspects, hidden
 regulations, and unrevealed phenomena. In other words, qualitative research discusses contexts that are difficult to be measured, conceptualized, and defined operationally by standard quantitative research such as personal experience, dream, picture, sym
bol, and behavior related to local wisdom (Shirev and Levy, 2012:43).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9767060\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5331699\charrsid13187477 Qualitative approach in psychology is generally employed by exploring, describing, and interpreting informant\rquote 
s personal and social experience instead of attempting hypotheses test in a sample or population. A number of qualitative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15081246\charrsid13187477 studies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid5331699\charrsid13187477  emphasize in organizing and constructing meaning discursively. Yet, it is according to main theoretical foundation, historical context and appropriate with main theme of the study.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid8352357\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi360\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15081246\charrsid13187477 Moreover, qualitative 
research is commonly applied when the researcher is interested in exploring and understanding one central phenomenon, like a process or an event (Alsa, 2010). Sugiyono (2014: 24-25) suggests that qualitative research can be conducted under following circu
mstances:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15081246\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid15081246\charrsid13187477 
The discussed issue is still unclear. This problem requires the researcher to directly dealing with the problem to conduct grand tour question. Therefore, the problem is solved properly. This model encourages researcher to explore an object.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5200170\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 
Will understand the meaning of visible data. Most social phenomena cannot only be understood through what is said, since every word said often has particular meanings that are different from what is said.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid5200170\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 To understand social interaction. A complex soc
ial interaction can only be understood through a qualitative study, in which the researcher directly involve and observe an existing social interaction to obtain clear interaction patterns.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid10495415\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 d.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 Understanding one\rquote 
s feeling through an observation and in-depth interview. A qualitative researcher can directly feel of what is felt by the informant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10495415\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 e.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 
To develop theory. Through a qualitative study, a researcher can develop a theory. Early stage of theory development }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6775529\charrsid13187477 involves}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477  discovery and in-depth data collection that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6775529\charrsid13187477 further }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 
make up a hypothesis which reflects a relationship among symptoms. The hypothesis was then verified through }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6775529\charrsid13187477 
a process of re-collecting data, so the proven hypothesis can become a thesis or theory.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10495415\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6775529\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 f.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6775529\charrsid13187477 To assure data validity. Through a qualita
tive study, data validity can be revealed using a data triangulation method or combined data to guarantee the validity. The researchers should collect data until it saturates. Saturated data are achieved when informant\rquote 
s answers tend to be the same. It's like looking for a provocateur, that the process won't stop before all the informant's answers are fixed on the same person. If the informant's answer is still different, the search for provocateurs will continue.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10495415\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6775529\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 g.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6775529\charrsid13187477 To study the history of development. The
 history of development of the life of a person or figure can be examined through a qualitative study using documentation, in-depth interview with actors or people who know about the history.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid10495415\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid4864957\charrsid13187477 Dis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477 cussion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid4864957\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477 Interpretive Research Paradigm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477 
\par According to Denzin }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13187477 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477  Lincoln (1994:99), paradigm is \'93
a basic set of beliefs that guide action. Paradigms deal with first principles, or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13187477\charrsid13187477 ultimate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13187477 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477  Guba (in Cresweel, 2007:19) also defined paradigm as a basic set of beliefs that guide action. Based on the definition of para
digm, it could be inferred that paradigm is a foundation or basis for individual in doing things, or in this case doing a research that contains a number of particular assumptions, theories, models and solutions about the subject matter, goals and nature 
of the study material that has been agreed upon by a community of scientific research.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5530167\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13373292\charrsid13187477 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477 
The development of postmodernism has some significant impacts on lifestyle and human thought in the third millennium. These impacts also contribute to development of beh
avioral research, including psychology. The impacts could be seen from the emergence of new alternative approaches in research methodology. These new approaches are originated from the dissatisfaction of psychology scientists with the results of positivis
tic paradigm that are way too focus on the design of psychological study in the scope of laboratory, experiments and statistical analysis.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13373292\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5981278\charrsid13187477 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 Interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477 
 paradigm aims to reveal meaning of the informant or participant in his personal and social life. Moreover, this approach expects to get a holistic picture of a phenomenon through informant\rquote s point of view. The main objective of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477  paradigm is to understand the meaning of various experiences, events and status that participants have. Thus, a detaile
d examination of participant\rquote s life is needed. This approach also seeks to explore experiences and emphasizes individual perception or personal opinion about an object of event experienced. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 
Interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2708288\charrsid13187477  paradigm emphasizes the formation of meaning both fro
m the point of view of participants and researchers, thus making cognition has a central role as a tool to analyze data or finding. This approach has a strong commitment to the individual\rquote 
s personality as a cognitive, linguistics, affective and physic, thus arguing that there is a relationship between one\rquote 
s thought and his emotional status. However, the researcher must be aware that there will be difficulties for informants in expressing what they think and feel. This makes informant reluctant to reveal the
 truth. In addition, an interpretive researcher must be able to interpret mental and emotional status of what is said by the informant (Smith & Osborn, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8601457\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid291939\charrsid13187477 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 Interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 
 paradigm is also called qualitative study which aims to obtain a holistic picture o
f meaning that is very appropriate to be used in a study that raises problems that are: explorative, descriptive and explanative. Thus, a qualitative study must be based on the point of view of the phenomenon, where the objectives are built on the formula
tion of a particular situation as believed by a certain individual or social group, as it is from the informant\rquote s opinion, and do not have to be forced in accordance with the theory.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid291939\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa100\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15745413\charrsid13187477 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 The difference between qualitative and quantitative research relies on th
e aim, in which the qualitative aims to describe findings or phenomena, and present them as it is based on the fact or finding. On the other hand, quantitative approach aims to test theory, build a fact, show relationship among variables, provide statisti
cal description, estimate and predict the results.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11152463\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid935690 Interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477  Paradigm in Psychology
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16607463\charrsid13187477 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 Positivistic paradigm that emphasizes more on the quantitative aspect in psychology is considered as the implementation of pri
ncipals in natural science into psychology field. Thus, some experts of alternative psychology study consider that positivistic approach do not provide spaces for choices, freedom, individuality and social responsibility existed in human beings as an obje
c
t of study in psychology. The consequence of this dissatisfaction motivates the emergence of a new methodology that can complement the limitations of positivistic approach. According to Smith (1995) in Hanurawan (2016: 57-58), the development of this new 
approach is built on some basic principles:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16607463\charrsid13187477  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 Psychological study should be carried out in real-life or natural settings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15291848\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 
Psychological study needs to recognize the main role of language and discourse in the construction of psychological symptoms.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15291848\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 H
uman life and psychological study are understood as activities that take place in a reciprocal process or as interactive and dynamic activities.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15291848\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 
Psychological study should be interested in psychological symptoms that are personal and individual rather than symptoms that are measured in form of variables and that involve subjects with a large group scale.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid15291848\charrsid13187477  
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 It can be concluded that this new psychological approach emphasizes more on an individual life. In addition, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477  paradigm in psychological field begins to admit the position of language as a creator of the construction of individual\rquote 
s psychological reality. The qualitative study in psychological field also emphasizes on individual experiences.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid3279303\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 
The development of qualitative interpretive method on humanity symptoms and individual experiences has been conducted in anthropology, sociology and educational fields that aims to discover humanity phenomenon. The qualitative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477  paradigm in psychology has several characteristics as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14237986\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 
A relativistic metaphysical view. Interpretive researchers have an ontology view that reality is something built through an intersubjective social process. This means that a reality exists as a result of a social recognition by a certain community in an 
intersubjective way.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14237986\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 The epistemology of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 
 paradigm is intersubjective or transactional. This means that validity or correctness of knowledge as a result of study is the result of agreement between researcher and subject of the study.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid14237986\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 The axiology of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477  paradigm is a study that contains value, both ethical and aesthetic values.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2764629\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid13187477 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 Steps of Qualitative Study
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid7895021\charrsid13187477 Identifying problem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10103587\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 
There are differences in the process of determining problems between qualitative and quantitative study. 
In quantitative study, the problem must be clear, specific, and will not change from the beginning to the end of the study. On the other hand, qualitative study raises problem that is still grey, complex and dynamic. Therefore, the problems raised in qual
i
tative study are temporary, tentative, and will continue to develop as long as the researcher conducts the study. A good qualitative study should involve changes in research problems, or even titles, after entering the field. It is considered that the res
e
archer has been able to get out of the concepts and see the phenomenon more broadly and deeply in accordance with the actual social conditions in the field. There are differences between research problem and statement of problem. Problem is a deviation be
tween }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 dasa sollen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 das sein, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 or there is a gap between what is supposed to be and fact in the field.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7955195\charrsid13187477  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7955195\charrsid13187477 Adapaun }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 On the other hand, statement of problem is research questions arranged based on the problems that must be answered through data collection. Data
 from the problems can be gathered from documentation of results, preliminary observations, evaluations and statements of the trusted person (Sugiyono, 2014:206).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11152463\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5701857\charrsid13187477 
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\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid2644934\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1101\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \clcbpat20\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3880\clcbpatraw20 \cellx4873\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\clcbpat20\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3916\clcbpatraw20 \cellx8789\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid13187477\yts17\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 Problem before field study\cell Problem after field study\cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid2644934\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1101\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \clcbpat20\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3880\clcbpatraw20 \cellx4873\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 
\clcbpat20\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3916\clcbpatraw20 \cellx8789\row \ltrrow}\trowd \irow1\irowband1\lastrow \ltrrow\ts17\trgaph108\trrh5498\trleft993\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh
\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid8875887\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1101\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth7796\clshdrawnil \cellx8789\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid13187477\yts17\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid535374 {\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3203\shptop190\shpright4597\shpbottom4905\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz5\shplid1026
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 2}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 65536}}{\sp{\sn hspNext}{\sv 1026}}{\sp{\sn fRotateText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fRecolorFillAsPicture}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fUseShapeAnchor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251664384}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs20\insrsid1377985 Researcher enters field}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1377985\charrsid12217093 
\par }}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8197\dptxbx\dptxlrtb{\dptxbxtext\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1377985 Researcher enters field}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1377985\charrsid12217093 
\par }}\dpx3203\dpy190\dpxsize1394\dpysize4715\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft5363\shptop37\shpright7810\shpbottom1921\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz4\shplid1027{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 71}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 131072}}{\sp{\sn fRotateText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFitShapeToText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251663360}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid1377985 Same}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1377985\charrsid11544293  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1377985 problem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1377985\charrsid11544293 
\par }}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8196\dptxbx\dptxlrtb{\dptxbxtext\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1377985 Same}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1377985\charrsid11544293  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1377985 
problem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1377985\charrsid11544293 
\par }}\dpx5363\dpy37\dpxsize2447\dpysize1884\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft237\shptop37\shpright2243\shpbottom1645\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz0\shplid1028{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 71}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 196608}}{\sp{\sn fRotateText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFitShapeToText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251659264}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1377985 Problem
\par }}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8192\dptxbx\dptxlrtb{\dptxbxtext\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1377985 Problem
\par }}\dpx237\dpy37\dpxsize2006\dpysize1608\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid535374 {\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft4501\shptop186\shpright5357\shpbottom424\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz10\shplid1029
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 13}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251669504}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8202\dppolygon\dppolycount7\dpptx642\dppty0\dpptx642\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty179
\dpptx642\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty238\dpptx856\dppty119\dpx4501\dpy186\dpxsize856\dpysize238\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2350\shptop184\shpright3206\shpbottom422\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz7\shplid1030{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 13}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251666432}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8199\dppolygon\dppolycount7\dpptx642\dppty0\dpptx642\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty238\dpptx856\dppty119
\dpx2350\dpy184\dpxsize856\dpysize238\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid535374 {\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft5216\shptop178\shpright7743\shpbottom2133\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz3\shplid1031
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 71}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 262144}}{\sp{\sn hspNext}{\sv 1031}}{\sp{\sn fRotateText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251662336}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1377985 Problem develops

\par }}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8195\dptxbx\dptxlrtb{\dptxbxtext\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1377985 Problem develops
\par }}\dpx5216\dpy178\dpxsize2527\dpysize1955\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft237\shptop265\shpright2351\shpbottom1490\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz1\shplid1032{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 71}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 327680}}{\sp{\sn hspNext}{\sv 1032}}{\sp{\sn fRotateText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFitShapeToText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251660288}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1377985 Problem
\par }}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8193\dptxbx\dptxlrtb{\dptxbxtext\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1377985 Problem
\par }}\dpx237\dpy265\dpxsize2114\dpysize1225\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid535374 {\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft4507\shptop265\shpright5363\shpbottom503\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz8\shplid1033
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 13}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251667456}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8200\dppolygon\dppolycount7\dpptx642\dppty0\dpptx642\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty179
\dpptx642\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty238\dpptx856\dppty119\dpx4507\dpy265\dpxsize856\dpysize238\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2347\shptop266\shpright3203\shpbottom504\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz11\shplid1034{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 13}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251670528}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8203\dppolygon\dppolycount7\dpptx642\dppty0\dpptx642\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty238\dpptx856\dppty119
\dpx2347\dpy266\dpxsize856\dpysize238\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid535374 {\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft323\shptop244\shpright2523\shpbottom1367\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz2\shplid1035
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 71}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 393216}}{\sp{\sn fRotateText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFitShapeToText}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251661312}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1377985 Problem
\par }}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8194\dptxbx\dptxlrtb{\dptxbxtext\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1377985 Problem
\par }}\dpx323\dpy244\dpxsize2200\dpysize1123\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid535374 {\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft5469\shptop144\shpright7045\shpbottom1068\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz6\shplid1036
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 21}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 458752}}{\sp{\sn fRotateText}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFitShapeToText}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251665408}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1377985 
Problem changes
\par }}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8198\dptxbx\dptxlrtb{\dptxbxtext\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1377985 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1377985 Problem changes
\par }}\dpx5469\dpy144\dpxsize1576\dpysize924\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft4507\shptop316\shpright5363\shpbottom554\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz12\shplid1037{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 13}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251671552}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8204\dppolygon\dppolycount7\dpptx642\dppty0\dpptx642\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty238\dpptx856\dppty119
\dpx4507\dpy316\dpxsize856\dpysize238\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2351\shptop226\shpright3207\shpbottom464\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt0\shpz9\shplid1038{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 13}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fNoFillHitTest}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dhgt}{\sv 251668480}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fIsButton}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8201\dppolygon\dppolycount7\dpptx642\dppty0\dpptx642\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty60\dpptx0\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty179\dpptx642\dppty238\dpptx856\dppty119
\dpx2351\dpy226\dpxsize856\dpysize238\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat1\dplinew15\dplinecor0\dplinecog0\dplinecob0}}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par \cell }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1198931\charrsid13187477 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\lastrow \ltrrow\ts17\trgaph108\trrh5498\trleft993\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv
\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid8875887\tbllkhdrrows\tbllkhdrcols\tbllknocolband\tblind1101\tblindtype3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth7796\clshdrawnil \cellx8789\row }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s16\qc \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 Figure 1. Prediction of Problems Before and After Researcher Entering Field}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5701857\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\ql \li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7955195\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 
The formulation of qualitative study, particularly in psychological research, should refer to the main concepts of research, subjects who will participate in research, and the environment or place where the study will be conducted. The main concepts of qu
alitative research in psychology should lead to psychological concepts, such as attitude, self-concept, persuasion, happiness, hope, self-esteem, perception and prejudice (Hanurawan, 2016: 81).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7955195 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8875887 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8875887\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi11\li709\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 
One example of problem formulation in qualitative research is:
\par "How is the religious attitude towards transgender in Kelam Tengah village, Kaur Regency?"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6106261\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi11\li709\ri0\sa100\saauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 
"How is subjective well-being for children who live with stepparents in Air Mangayau village?\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7955195\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 
Although there can be a change in the determination of the problem s
tatement after the researcher goes to the field, the existence of problem formulation is very important to assist the researcher in determining the chosen research model, data collection tools, research participants, data analysis methods and validation m
ethods.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14433248\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 Selecting research approach model}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid10103587\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 
The selection of research methods uses the principle of parsi
mony, which is to choose research methods that are in accordance with research problems and research needs. After the selection of research methods is determined, namely qualitative research, then the researcher must determine the research approach model.
 
There are several models of approaches in qualitative research, including grounded theory, phenomenology, case studies, and ethnography (Hanurawan, 2016: 82). Johnson & Christensen (2014) in their book said that there are six models of approaches that can
 be used in qualitative research, namely the model of narrative inquiry approaches, case studies, phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory and historical research.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid16456715\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid2835461\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 The model of a grounded theory approach is a procedure for collecting data and analyzing 
field data with a natural background, with aim to develop new theories. This model uses a series of inductive strategies to process and analyze data. In practice, a researcher begins from a case or individual experience, and then develops towards conceptu
a
l categories. Conceptual categories are the result of identification, understanding, explanation and synthesis of the relationship between symptoms. Grounded theory approach contributes greatly to the ability of researchers in terms of performing strict p
r
ocedures when checking, clarifying, and developing researchers' ideas and intuition towards data. Field research analysis begins and ends with data. The design of this approach model is very suitable for research on social psychology topics, such as motiv
ation, personal experience, prejudice, cooperation and interpersonal conflict (Hanurawan, 2016; Charmas, 2006).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9052468\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1377985\charrsid13187477 Furthermore, phenomenological approach model is a research procedure by looking at the phenomena that are happening in society. This model of app
roach emphasizes the way humans as research subjects interact with symptoms or phenomena that occur in society, both towards empirical objects and an event. The phenomenological approach is closely related to individual cognitive abilities. According to t
h
is approach, individuals, as cognitive, linguistic, and affective beings, have a relationship with speech, thoughts and emotional status. Relationships that occur between these three things are very complicated, so that individuals find it difficult to ex
press what they think and feel. This makes the reason why individuals do not want to reveal themselves, so researchers must interpret the mental and emotional status of what is said by the individual.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid16456715\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid12068634\charrsid13187477 The phenomenology approach can be used when a researcher
 wants to find out how individuals perceive certain situations that are being faced, and understand their personal and social conditions. This approach is particularly useful when the individuals are faced with complexity, process or something new (Smith,
 2014: 102).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8532040\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 
Meanwhile, the case study approach is a research approach that focuses on the specification of a particular case in an event happened to individuals, cultural groups or to a portrait of life (Creswell, 1998). The purpose of this approach is to 
describe the context in which a case occurs. The focus is primarily a discussion of themes, issues, and implications in a case (Johnson & Christensen, 2004: Hanurawan, 2014). If it is done correctly, case study can be a tool for developing theory, evaluat
i
ng programs and making interventions (Baxter & Jack, 2008). Some psychologists who use case studies in their research models are Sigmund Freud and Jean Piaget. They use case studies to describe and explore the psychological processes existed in an individ
ual. The essence of case study approach is in the form of qualitative-narrative descriptions, so this research is less desirable, especially by adherents of positivistic psychology (Hanurawan, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid8532040\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 The case study approach is mostly carried out by various 
experts with various developments tailored to the objectives of the research, including Yin (1998) who developed a qualitative descriptive case study with quantitative evidence. Baxter and Jack (2008) claimed that qualitative research with a case study ap
p
roach can also be used in medical study. Merriam (1988) developed a case study approach in educational research. As for a sociologist, Hamel (1993) developed a qualitative case study approach to historical research (in Creswell, 1998). Based on the variet
y
 of research fields using the case study approach, Creswell (1998) suggested that the first step that researchers should take to develop case study research is to determine the type of case (single or collective cases), the location (in several places or 
o
ne place) and the focus (a case or an issue). The second step, the case determined should be assessed from various aspects and perspectives of the problem. Then, determine the case is a process or event. The cases can be ordinary or unusual cases, also ca
ses that are easily accessible or difficult to access.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11159888\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 
The next interpretive research approach is ethnography. The purpose of this approach is to describe the cultural characteristics in an individual or group of people who are part of a particular cultural
 group (Johnson & Christensen, 2004). Based on these objectives, the use of ethnographic approaches in the field of psychology is to find and comprehensively describe the meaning of psychiatric or behavioral phenomena as an issue or topic of psychology in
 
a particular cultural group (Hanurawan, 2014). This approach is also used to find out more about the beliefs, values, attitudes and language of a cultural group. Examples of the use of ethnographic approach are studies entitled "Collective Sustainability 
Behavior in the Ark Community in Bengkulu" (Marhayati, 2018) and "Prosocial Behavior in Javanese Ethnic Groups in Yogyakarta" (Hanurawan, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1598917\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 Researchers who conduct ethnographic approaches must be open and transparent to the respondents or cultural grou
ps to be studied. The respondents must know about the objectives of the study, the consequences that will be caused, and even the sources of research funding. This is conducted to facilitate communication and gain trust from respondents or cultural groups
 to be studied (Creswell, 2012).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4263330\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 
In addition to the four approaches above, there are still other approaches to interpretive study, including narrative inquiry, discourse analysis, and historical research. However, those studies are less popular to be used b
y psychology researchers, or there are still not many qualitative psychology researchers especially in Indonesia who use it as a research approach.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4524119\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid6634448\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 Data collection and data analysis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid10103587\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 
In qualitative research in the field of psychology, data collection ca
n be performed in several ways, which are qualitative questionnaires, qualitative interviews, qualitative observations, secondary data, scientific journals and research notes. The data analysis, according to Hanurawan (2016), can be conducted with convent
ional data analysis techniques and data analysis techniques in accordance with the research approach.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1908261\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 Conventional analysis techniques are general analytical techniques that can be used on various research models or designs adjusted to the needs or objectiv
es of the study. There are two types of conventional analysis technique: (1) qualitative content analysis technique where the researcher only studies the contents of the informants\rquote 
 answers in accordance with the research objectives; (2) thematic analysis techniques where the researcher observes themes that arise from the answers of informants that relate to the categories of research objectives.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid1908261\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 Afterwards, data analysis techniques that are consistent with the research approach. This analysis technique is 
also called special analysis technique because it is in accordance with the model approach used. Some data analysis techniques that are in accordance with the research approach model are phenomenological analysis technique and ethnographic analysis techni
que.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7341511\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 Writing report of research results}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid7955195\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 
The writing of research report in qualitative research generally has no s
tandard rules. However, to obtain a qualitative research report that meets the criteria so that the intersubjectivity and readability of a research report is fulfilled, it is necessary to formulate a guideline for writing psychology research reports that 
uses a qualitative or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 
 paradigm approach. Hanurawan (2016) explained the guidelines for writing research reports as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid1908261\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\lang14345\langfe1033\langnp14345\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\lang14345\langfe1033\langnp14345\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 
Title, consisting of titles that must be concise, complete, descriptive, clear and specifically describe the model or type of research, the main psychological concepts of research, the subject or participants of the study and the location of the study.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11359886\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 
Summary, consisting of research objectives, research methods that include research approaches, research locations, re
search subjects, data collection tools, data analysis and validation techniques, and research findings. The summary is written in abstract when the report is published for a scientific journal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid11359886\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14294709\charrsid13187477 
Introduction, consisting of background problems, research significance, problem formulation, research objectives and research advantages.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9054887\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
Theoretical review or literature review is a theoretical explanation of the general concept, the results of research that are relevant to the psychological dynamics of the research object.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid9054887\charrsid13187477  
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
Methods. This section generally consists of: research design or approach, previous studies, identification of informants, data collection tools, data collection time, chronological data collection, analysis techniques and result validation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9054887\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
Research results, consisting of naturalistic backgrounds and research findings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9054887\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
Discussion. The discussion about the results of research or per the main categories of research results. It is conducted by comparing results with relevant theories, 
comparing results with field notes or other data collection tools, and researchers are also allowed to write critical reflections related to the data obtained during study period.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9054887\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 Conclusions and suggestions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15357314\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13131921\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-357\li1077\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls9\adjustright\rin0\lin1077\itap0\pararsid6435445 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13131921\charrsid13187477 Referen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 ces
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
Researchers need to understand quantitative and qualitative research to explain a psychological phenomenon before conducting study. They also have to pay attention to parsimony principle and choose one research method. The parsimony principle is the appli
c
ation of economic principles in research. The purpose of parsimony principle both in the field of quantitative and qualitative research is for the effectiveness and efficiency of the research process through the selection of methodology. A researcher must
 be able to choose the easiest and simplest way to describe a psychological phenomenon (Hanurawan; 2016-75).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid15931080\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 In addition to the parsimony principle, a qualitative researcher must consider:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8264139\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-425\li1134\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin0\lin1134\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 The chosen model or research approach (case study, phenomenology,
 ethnography or grounded theory)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8264139\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
The method of selecting subjects is adjusted to the purpose of the study.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8264139\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
The selection of data collection tools or data collection methods (observation, in-depth interview or documentation).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8264139\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 The selection of data 
analysis methods or data analysis techniques (thematic analysis techniques, content analysis techniques, phenomenological analysis techniques or ethnography).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8264139\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
The selection of result validation methods or techniques (triangulation or reverse confirmation to the research target group members).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8264139\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
The selection of procedures for reporting research results (scientific journals, scientific seminars, or research results books).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8264139\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
The followings are some characteristics of the interpretive paradigm that qualitative interpretive researchers must know:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid85258\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s16\qj \fi-360\li1080\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls8\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid13187477\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 Qualitative interpretive researchers should have an o
ntology view that reality comes from intersubjective social processes. This means that reality is considered to exist because it has been socially recognized by an intersubjective community.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid85258\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 The epistemological view of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477  paradigm is intersubj
ective or transactional in nature. This means that the validity of a research result is the result of agreement between the researcher and the research subjects. The transaction process occurred is called a knowledge transaction that naturally takes place
 in a social and language context.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid85258\charrsid13187477 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s16 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 The axiological view of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
 paradigm states that qualitative interpretive research is rich in both ethical and aesthetic values. This is because the research is directly connected to human life which is full of
 various values of life. Ethical values can be found from the time the researcher determines the title to the dissemination of research results. The aesthetic value can be seen in the ability of researchers to collect data, analysis data and write report 
t
hat require their own aesthetic abilities from qualitative researchers to obtain results that are acceptable to all readers. Narrative art practices in qualitative research can be seen from the results of deep, lively and rich descriptions like most liter
ary works (Hanurawan, 2014).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid85258\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 Rules for Qualitative Researchers
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 
First thing to be considered in qualitative research is the process, then the results. In qualitative study, the researchers become the main instrument in data collection. Researchers must have 
the ability to think backward which is useful for choosing which data found in the field will be used and which will be discarded. The ability can also be used to re-identify the objectives of the study (McCaslin & Scott, 2003).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid10362362\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 Taylor & Bogdan (1984), Cre
swell (1994), and Patton (1990) stated that by using qualitative approach, the researchers are trying to understand the subject based on their own thinking. Thus, the most important thing is the experience, opinions, feelings and knowledge of the research
e
rs. There is no true or false data in qualitative research. All collected data are important. Based on this statement, a qualitative approach is often referred to as a humanistic approach since the researchers do not lose their humanity from a particular 
social life. Researchers are not limited by numbers, statistical calculations and variables that reduce individual uniqueness.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid5316178\charrsid13187477 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 In addition to the field
 of psychology, medical field begins to use qualitative methods. Starks and Trinidad (2007) explained that the use of qualitative methods in medical field can be carried out by phonological approaches, discourse analysis and grounded theory. The purpose o
f
 phenomenology is to study how individuals interpret their life experiences, while discourse analysis is to understand the use of language in solving personal, social and political problems, while grounded theory aims to develop theories based on an under
standing of social contexts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid8287961\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid14112854\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid11152463\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid614202\charrsid13187477 Conclusion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf19\insrsid6060402\charrsid13187477  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\insrsid14112854\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 
The paradigm shift in science field is normal and it can happen when the past paradigm is not valid or irrelevant at a certain time. Even in the field of exact science, experiencing a paradigm shift is normal, as T
homas Khun refers such changes as a scientific revolution. Psychology, as a social science that has applied positivistic paradigms, needs to provide new paradigms, which are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid935690 interpretive}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477  paradigm by using five qualitative approaches, namely phenomenology, case studies, ethnography, grounded theory and discourse analysis.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cf19\insrsid14499304\charrsid13187477 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13187477 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid9002657\charrsid13187477 
The weakness of interpretive paradigm study or qualitative research is that there are still diverse perspectives on the process of data analysis and few psychology researchers who want to apply the qualitative paradigm in their research.}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid6049836\charrsid1198931 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sa200\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11152463 \cbpat21 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat22\insrsid9002657\charrsid1198931 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat22\insrsid11152463\charrsid1198931 Referen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\cf19\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat22\insrsid9002657\charrsid1198931 ces}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\cf19\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat22\insrsid11152463\charrsid1198931 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid13128552 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid7947531 sla}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 , A. (2010). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 Pendekatan Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif Serta Kombinasinya dalam Penelitian Psikologi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 . Pustaka Pelajar. Yogyakarta. (hal. 29).
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The Qualitative Report.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931  23(12). 3004-3018. Retrieved from }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 
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2f0039000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab00000000046969a60000000000000000000000a5004d00}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs15\ul\cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol23/iss12/9}}}\sectd \ltrsect
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\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13128552 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 Hanurawan, F. (2012). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 Filsafat Ilmu Psikologi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 . Fak Psikologi UN Malang: Malang.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid13128552 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 Hanurawan, F. (2016). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
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\cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 Edition. Sage Pub: USA
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\cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 . 23(12), 3136-3152. Retrieved from }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931  HYPERLINK "http://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol23/iss12/1" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid4530798\charrsid1198931 {\*\datafield 
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31000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab00000000000000000000124769ac00}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs15\ul\cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 http://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol23/iss12/1}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz9\linex0\headery737\footery0\sectlinegrid299\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid15957187\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 .
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-851\li851\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin851\itap0\pararsid13128552 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 
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\cf19\insrsid4530798\charrsid1198931 {\*\datafield 
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66000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab000000180000ff00fc6f00650000003047000430614c0000000000000000000000ae00ffff}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf19\insrsid13128552\charrsid1198931 http://www.nova.edu/sss/QR/QR8-3/mehra.pdf}}}
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